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The relation between body mass (BMI), physical health component subscale and age could differ depending on the gender, overall health status and age of the population studied as well as specific measures of physical illness being measured.
An increased chance of developing certain types of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2, and other health problems is generally associated with high BMI. It is possible that a higher BMI would lead to lower scores on the physical health subscales. These typically assess factors like mobility, pain and physical function.
This relationship’s strength and direction would be dependent on which data are being analysed. Other factors such as level of physical activity or general health could influence the relationship between BMI, physical health components subscale scores, and vice versa. It is therefore important to understand the context and data that were used in the study when looking at the relation between BMI & physical health.