Our immune system protects us from infections such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. Two types of immunity exist: adaptive and innate. The first line of defense against invaders is innate immunity, which is not specific. The activation of adaptive immunity, which is specific to the situation where the innate immune system can’t control the infection, is called adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity is a form of immune cell targeting specific pathogens. It creates a permanent memory to help the body respond quicker if it’s infected again. Skin, mucous membranes and complement proteins are examples of innate immunity. Adaptive immunity is comprised of B cells and T cells.
Human immune systems are affected significantly by chronic stress. Chronic stress can lead to a decrease in immune function, which could increase the likelihood of developing infections and diseases. The stress hormone cortisol can be released when there is too much stress. Elevated levels of cortisol can decrease the number and function of immune cells, reducing the body’s ability to fight infection. Stress also affects the communication between immune cells, slowing down the body’s response to infection.
Stress can lead to inflammation. A weakened immune system can increase the likelihood of chronic inflammation, diabetes and other diseases. Stress management is crucial for maintaining an immune system that’s healthy.
The human immune system includes both adaptive and innate immunity. Adaptive immunity targets specific pathogens, while innate immunity is general. Stress can have a major impact on your immune system. Inflammation and inflammation increase, and suppress the immune response. Stress management is crucial to ensure a healthy immune system.
References:
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., McGuire, L., Robles, T. F., & Glaser, R. (2002). Psychoneuroimmunology: psychological influences on immune function and health. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 70(3), 537–547. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.70.3.537
Segerstrom, S. C., & Miller, G. E. (2004). The relationship between psychological stress and the immune system in humans: A meta-analysis of over 30 years of investigation. Psychological bulletin, 130(4), 601–630. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.601
Weksler, M. E. (2000). Nutritional supplements and exercise have an impact on the immune system in older people. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 16(2), 509–525. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0690(05)70099-9